YAML

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# YAML
## Markup languages

.footnote[Joan Puigcerver Ibáñez ([j.puigcerveribanez@edu.gva.es](mailto:j.puigcerveribanez@edu.gva.es))]

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# YAML
- Yet Another Markup Language
- Extensible markup language
- Descriptive or semantic language
- Uses .b[.yml] or .b[.yaml] file extensions
- Uses space identation (usually 2 spaces) to diffirenciate levels.

---
# Example
YAML files are often used as configuration files.

This is an example of a __netplan network interfaces configuration__ in _/etc/netplan/1-network-manager-all.yaml_
```
network:
  version: 2
  ethernets:
    eth0:
      dhcp4: yes
    eth1:
      dhcp4: no
      addresses: [192.168.0.21/24]
      nameservers:
        addresses: [192.168.0.1, 8.8.8.8]
```
---
# Values

- Text (quotes are optional)

```
Pere Martí
```

- Number (can be integer or float)

```
29.24
```

- Boolean

```
true or false (even yes or no)
```

- null values

```
null or ~
```

---
# Text Values
We can use the following syntax to write multiple line text:
```
# This one preserves new lines
data: |
  There once was a tall man from Ealing
  Who got on a bus to Darjeeling
    It said on the door
    "Please don't sit on the floor"
  So he carefully sat on the ceiling
```

```
# This one doesn't preserves new lines
# New lines are denoted with paragraph breaks
data: >
   Wrapped text
   will be folded
   into a single
   paragraph

Blank lines denote
   paragraph breaks
```

---
# Objects
Objects consist in multiple attribute-value pairs. They can be defined in indented block or inline block syntax.
Inline block objects are enclosed between .blue[{ }].
```
# Indented block
attribute: value
attribute2: value2
# Inline block
{attribute: value, attribute2: value2}
```

```
# Indented block
name: Pere Martí
age: 29
adult: true
# Inline block
{name: Pere Martí, age: 29, adult: true}
```

---
# Lists
List consist in multiple values. They can be defined in indented block or inline block syntax.
Inline block objects are enclosed between .blue[[ ]].
```python
# Indented block
list:
  - value
  - value2
  - value3
# Inline block
[value, value2, value3]
```

```python
# Indented block
list:
  - red
  - green
  - blue
# Inline block
[red, green, blue]
```

---
# Exemples
Object inside an object:

.center[.b[IDENTATION!]]

```
name: Pere
surname: Martí
address:
  stret: Av Cardenal Benlloch
  number: 23
  city: València
```

---
# Examples
Object array

```
- name: Pere
  surname: Martí
  age: 25
- name: Alba
  surname: Puig
  age: 66
```

---
# Examples
```
students:
  - name: Pere
    surname: Martí
    age: 25
  - name: Alba
    surname: Puig
    age: 66
teachers:
  - name: Carla
    surname: Martí
    age: 39
  - name: Ona 
    surname: Roca
    age: 21
```

---
# Examples
```python
estudiants:
  - {name: Pere, surname: Martí, age: 25}
  - {name: Alba, surname: Puig, age: 66}
professors:
  - {name: Carla, surname: Martí, age: 39}
  - {name: Ona, surname: Roca, age: 21}
```

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# Exercise 1
Write a YAML that stores the following information (a different JSON for each item)
1. A student named Joan Garcia from València and his birth date is 24th of February.
2. A list of the following restaurants:
  - Bar Pasqual is a tapes bar in Av. Blsco Ibáñez, 232, València. Its owner is Marc Alcover.
  - Restaurant Meravelles is a menu restaurant located in Av. Regne de València, 111, València,
    owned by Maria Pasqual. 
  - Racó de l'Avia is a menu restaurant in Av Roma, 221, Barcelona owned by Alba Puig.
3. A list of art from a museum:
  - "Der Kuss" its a painting from Gustav Klimt painted in 1907.
  - "Gernica" its a mural from Pablo Picasso painted in 1937.
  - "David" its a marble sculpture from Michelangelo created in 1504.

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# Exercise 2
Choose a mobile phone and write down a detailed specification in YAML format. (Battery, CPU, RAM, Storage, Cameras, connectivity, ...)

Include the links where you found the information in the document.

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# Exercise 3
Write a YAML document with information about the following operating systems:
- Last Windows
- Last macOS
- Last Ubuntu Desktop
- Last Ubuntu Server
- Last Fedora Workstation
- Last Kali Linux

It must include: mantainer, last version, minimum and recommended requieremts and a description about each operating system.

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# Exercise 4
Write a YAML document with information about the following objects:

![vehicles](img/vehicles.png)